Influence of Resistance Training in the Protein Expression of Myocardial Calcium Handling of Obese Rats
Name: ANDRESSA PRATA LEITE DAMIANI
Publication date: 29/11/2017
Advisor:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| ANA PAULA LIMA LEOPOLDO | Advisor * |
Examining board:
| Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| ANA PAULA LIMA LEOPOLDO | Advisor * |
| ANDRÉ SOARES LEOPOLDO | Co advisor * |
| LUCAS GUIMARÃES FERREIRA | Internal Alternate * |
| RICHARD DIEGO LEITE | External Examiner * |
| ROGERIO GRACA PEDROSA | Internal Examiner * |
Summary: Abstract:
Introduction: Obesity is considered a chronic metabolic disease of multifactorial origin characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose mass that can lead to cardiac damages. The functional alterations are related to the homeostatic imbalance of the proteins involved in calcium handling, an important mechanism responsible for the regulation of contractility and relaxation of the heart. In an attempt to minimize and/or reverse cardiac changes observed in the pathological condition of obesity, non-pharmacological measures such as physical exercise have been used. Resistance training (RT) has been reported for benefits in improving body composition and cardiac function. However, the relationship between obesity, RT and calcium handling still needs to be clarified and better understood. Objective: To evaluate the effect of RT on the protein expression of calcium handling in obese rats, besides analyzing the biomarkers of morbidities associated with obesity. Methods: Wistar rats were induced and exposed to the condition of obesity. Afterwards they were redistributed as the absence or presence of TR: Control (C, n = 10), Obese (Ob, n = 9), Control submitted to resistance training (Ctr, n = 11) and Obese submitted to resistance training (Obtr, n = 11). The control groups received normolipid diet and the obese groups hyperlipidic diet. The ladder RT protocol lasted for 10 weeks and consisted of 4 to 5 high intensity series with a frequency of 3 days a week. The analysis of the nutritional, blood pressure, glycemic, lipid, and hormonal profile and determination of the water content in cardiac, pancreatic, pulmonary and hepatic tissue were performed. In addition, the total weight of the heart, left and right ventricles, atriums and their respective relationships with tibial length, as well as the cross sectional area, myocardial collagen, and protein regulatory expression of calcium handling were analyzed by Western Blot technique. Parametric data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and the nonparametric in mean ± interquartile range. The comparisons between groups C and Ob were performed by Test t. For the comparisons between groups C, Ob, Ctr and Obtr two-way ANOVA was used and complemented with Bonferroni post hoc test. The level of significance was 5%. Results: The main findings were the frequently comorbidities seen in the condition of obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperleptinemia. In addition, in the process of cardiac remodeling, despite the absence of hypertrophy, obesity led to an increase in the deposition of myocardial collagen and expression of pPLBser16 and pPLB/PLB reduced. The reversals from TR were expressed by reduction of body weight and fat, adiposity index, plasmatic triglycerides and leptin. Conclusion: The RT represents a relevant non-pharmacological application in the improvement of body composition and biomarkers of obesity, expressed by weight and body fat reduction, adiposity index and levels of plasma triglycerides and leptin. However, it was not able to reverse the pPLBser16 impairment in the obesity condition.
Key words: Obesity, Myocardial Calcium Handling and Resistance Training.
