Name: LUIS MILLE MONTEIRO DE SOUSA
Publication date: 23/03/2026
Examining board:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| BLANCA ELENA GUERRERO DABOIN | Examinador Interno |
| JOÃO BATISTA FRANCALINO DA ROCHA | Examinador Externo |
| LUIZ CARLOS DE ABREU | Coorientador |
| ROMEU PAULO MARTIN SILVA | Presidente |
Summary: Introduction: multiple sclerosis is a chronic, autoimmune, and inflammatory disease
of the central nervous system that causes episodes of neurological dysfunction and
progressive functional loss. Its etiology is based on immunological and genetic
interactions, where its distribution, progression, and diverse clinical manifestations are
significantly modulated by population, environmental, and social factors. Objective: to
analyze the temporal trends of hospital admissions and mortality due to Multiple
Sclerosis (MS) in Brazil from 2014 to 2024. Methods: this population-based
retrospective ecological study utilizes time-series data from public records, including
the Hospital Inpatient System (SIH), Mortality Information System (SIM), and socio
demographic censuses. All registered hospitalizations related to Multiple Sclerosis
(ICD-10 code, Chapter VI, Group G35) were analyzed. Variables included
demographic (sex, age group) and geographic (region and state of residence) data.
Specific hospitalization and mortality rates for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) were calculated
using population denominators adjusted by linear interpolation (IBGE). Normality was
verified by the Shapiro-Wilk test, followed by ANOVA/Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn
tests for comparisons across sex, age groups, and regions. Temporal trends were
analyzed via joinpoint regression, estimating the Annual Percent Change (APC).
Analyses were processed using R, Python, and the Joinpoint Regression Program (p <=0,05).
Results: there was an increase in MS hospitalizations in Brazil between 2014
(n=1.383) and 2024 (n=7.566). The Southeast region concentrated the highest volume
of records, although the Northeast and Midwest regions showed progressive and
oscillatory growth trends, respectively. The annual total of deaths due to Multiple
Sclerosis in Brazil showed slight fluctuations, ranging from 211 (2019) to 244 (2022).
The Southeast region concentrated the majority of records (61.21% to 67.62%), while
the state of Mato Grosso presented the most critical proportional mortality indicator
(0.20 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants). Conclusion: the study reveals a significant
increase in Multiple Sclerosis records in Brazil, with hospitalizations rising over the 10
year period, as well as mortality rates. The concentration of cases in states with higher
GDP reveals disparities in access to diagnosis, while mortality highlights the influence
of healthcare-related factors.
