COMPARISON BETWEEN FACTORS
ASSOCIATED WITH RESISTANCE TO INSULIN AT THE END OF CHILDHOOD
AND START OF ADOLESCENCE.
Name: VIRGILIA OLIVEIRA PANI
Type: MSc dissertation
Publication date: 28/07/2017
Advisor:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| ELIANE RODRIGUES DE FARIA | Advisor * |
Examining board:
| Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| ELIANE RODRIGUES DE FARIA | Advisor * |
| JOSE GERALDO DAS N.ORLANDI | Internal Examiner * |
| MIRIAM CARMO RODRIGUES BARBOSA | Co advisor * |
| VALDETE REGINA GUANDALINI | Internal Alternate * |
Summary: The objective of this study was to compare the risk factors associated with the
development of insulin resistance (IR) at the end of childhood (8-9 years) and
beginning of adolescence (10-14 years) in children and adolescents from the city of Vitória. It is an observational, cross-sectional study with 296 children and adolescents aged 8 to 14 years of public schools in Vitória / ES. After 10-hour fasting, 10 mL of blood was collected for the determination of fasting glucose, plasma insulin, total cholesterol and fractions (HDL and LDL), plasma triglycerides (TG), acid Uric (AU), C-reactive protein and total leukocytes. The IR was evaluated by calculating the HOMA-IR index. Measurements of weight, height, waist circumference (WC), perimeter of the neck (PN), perimeter of the hip (PH) and percentage of body fat (% BF) were obtained. Socioeconomic conditions, physical activity, eating habits, smoking and alcohol consumption were evaluated. We used the Shapiro Willk Normality Test, non-parametric tests and simple and multiple logistic regression models. The project was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (opinion no. 1,565,490) and the Informed Consent Form and Assent was signed by the participants and theirsupervisors. Of the participants, 54.4% were female and 53.7% were adolescents. The female gender and the adolescence presented greater chances of inadequacy of insulin and IR. Adolescence presented a greater chance of inadequate number of meals, tablet or cellular use, screen time and alcohol consumption. All anthropometric variables, time on the tablet or cell, time watching TV and total screen time correlated positively with insulin and HOMA-IR. The IR group presented
higher values of all the anthropometric variables and most of the biochemical and lifestyle variables, as well as the higher HOMA-IR quartile. Individuals who presented overweight, inadequate WC, PH, PN, Waist / Stature Ratio, excess body fat, inadequate glucose, HDL, TG, TG/HDL ratio, uric acid, insulin, metabolic syndrome, TV, longer screen time, greater family availability of sugar, and individuals whose father does not work out were more likely to have IR in the whole sample. In the final model, the excess body fat, the TV watching time above 2h / day and the father did not work out, the TG/HDL ratio ≥p90, AU ≥p90 and the time Watching TV exceeding 2h / day and in adolescence remained excess body fat, time watching TV more than
2h / day and the family receive government appeal. It was concluded that the risk factors related to IR after adjustments demonstrated different behaviors in the phases evaluated. IR in childhood was more related to biochemical parameters and lifestyle and in adolescence was associated more with body composition, lifestyle and socioeconomic factors, and therefore, to consider the phases separately when evaluating them.
Keywords: Resistance to Insulin. Risk factors. Childhood. Adolescence.
