Name: LARISSA DE CARVALHO NASCIMENTO
Type: MSc dissertation
Publication date: 18/03/2019
Advisor:
Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| CAROLINA PERIM DE FARIA | Advisor * |
Examining board:
| Name |
Role |
|---|---|
| CAROLINA PERIM DE FARIA | Advisor * |
| MARIA DEL CARMEN BISI MOLINA | Internal Examiner * |
| TAÍSA SABRINA SILVA PEREIRA | External Examiner * |
Summary: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is understood as a set of signs related to cardiovascular risk. Its relevance has increased due to its high prevalence, besides being related to a high cost for its components control. Its etiology is complex, but it is linked to risk factors such as genetic predisposition, physical inactivity and unbalanced diet. For its prevention and treatment, pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures should be taken. In the non-pharmacological context, dietary intervention is essential, and the Mediterranean diet has been presented as an effective approach in the prevention and treatment of MS. The traditional Mediterranean diet is characteristic of the countries of the Mediterranean basin, but is also widespread in other regions. Due to the variations suffered by this food pattern, different methodologies for evaluating its adherence were developed. However, Brazil is a country that does not have a proposal adapted to its population. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to adapt the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS), originally developed for Americans, to the Brazilian population, to apply it and investigate the association between dietary adherence and MS and its components in the ELSA-Brasil population. The diagnosis of MS was based on the NCEP ATPIII criteria, and the use of drugs associated with SM signs was also considered. The food consumption variables were collected by a food frequency questionnaire developed and validated for the study population. The sample studied was 8,296 individuals (47.5% men and 52.5% women). The frequency of MS in the general sample was 35.7%. The most prevalent component was hyperglycemia (71.3% in the general sample and between the sexes - 81.1% in males and 62.4% in females). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet occurred in the range of 1.74 - 51.92%, being higher in females than in males (mean 23.4 vs. 22.74% p <0.001). (ORT3 x T1 0,804 CI95% 0,679-0,952), obesity (ORT3 x T1 0.775 CI95% 0.660-0.910), high blood pressure (ORT3 x T1 0.804 CI95% 0.677-0.911) and hypertriglyceridemia (ORT2 x T1 0.793 CI95% 0.669-0.940) - were found only in females. In males, the highest tercile of adherence to the Mediterranean diet was only significantly associated with hyperglycemia (ORT2 x T1 1,411 CI95% 1,154-1,725). it was possible to observe that the adaptation of the method was effective to evaluate the adherence to the Mediterranean diet in the studied sample, evidencing a low adherence to it. The protective factor of the Mediterranean diet in relation to MS was observed only in the female, therefore, it could be considered a good nutritional approach for it.
